Sedell, James R.; Everest, Fred H.; Swanson, Frederick J. 1982. Fish habitat and streamside management: past and present. In: Brown, Hugh C., ed. Proceedings of the technical session on effects of forest practices on fish and wildlife production; Orlando, FL. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters: 41-52.
A stream ecosystem context for consicering the aefinition of biological integrity is
presentea ana provices suggestions for maintaining integrity wnich are consistent with natural
ecosystem structure and function. To co this, we provioe examples of how "nature managed"streamsiaes and fish habitats. This nistorical uncerstancing of ecosystems serves as a basisfor suggesting some guidelines for future practices tnat will oest preserve and restore ootnpnysical ana Dialogical integrity in stream ecosystems ana allow us to evaluate past ana futureimpacts on streamsices ana fish naoitats. Case stucies of the S. Fork Hch River in Wasningtonand the Satilla River in Georgia are aiscussea in terms of the dependence of the fisheries onsnags and large organic cebris (boles and branches >20 cm diameter) in the cnannel.
Our central premise is that resource managers wishing to maintain or restore biologicalintegrity within forested stream ecosystems can relate management scnemes to four key structuralcomponents of streamsice forests: (1) large live trees in riparian zones, (2) large snags, (3)
large logs on tne flooaplain, ana (4) large snags ana large organic aeoris in the stream. Thebenefits of these structural components for biological and fisheries resources can beincorporates into managed stancs for small costs.