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Scaling and predicting solute transport processes in streams

Publication Number
4793
Year
2013
Publications Type
Journal Article
Citation

Gonzalez-Pinzon, R., R. Haggerty, and M. Dentz. 2013. Scaling and predicting solute transport processes in streams.
Water Resour. Res. 49:1-18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20280.

Abstract

We investigated scaling of conservative solute transport using temporal moment analysis of 98 tracer experiments (384 breakthrough curves) conducted in 44 streams
located on five continents. The experiments span 7 orders of magnitude in discharge (10^-3 to 10^3 m^3/s), span 5 orders of magnitude in longitudinal scale (10^1 to 10^5 m), and
sample different lotic environments—forested headwater streams, hyporheic zones, desert streams, major rivers, and an urban manmade channel. Our meta-analysis of these data
reveals that the coefficient of skewness is constant over time (CSK = 1.186+/-0.08, R^2 > 0.98). In contrast, the CSK of all commonly used solute transport models decreases
over time. This shows that current theory is inconsistent with experimental data and suggests that a revised theory of solute transport is needed. Our meta-analysis also shows
that the variance (second normalized central moment) is correlated with the mean travel time (R^2 > 0.86), and the third normalized central moment and the product of the first two
are very strongly correlated (R^2 > 0.96). These correlations were applied in four different streams to predict transport based on the transient storage and the aggregated dead zone
models, and two probability distributions (Gumbel and log normal).