Grant, Gordon E. 1994. Hydraulics and sediment dynamics controlling step-pool formation in high-gradient streams: a flume experiment. In: Ergenzinger, Peter; Schmidt, Karl-Heinz, Eds. Dynamics and geomorphology of mountain rivers. COMTAG workshop; 1992 June 8-15 ; Benediktbeuern, Germany. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, No. 52. Berlin: Springer-Verlag: 241-250.
A series of flume experiments was undertaken to determine the domain of flowconditions under which step-pool sequences are formed. This domain can be characterizedby the ratio of average shear stress to the shear stress required to move the largest grainsizes (7/7m) and the Froude number (Fr). Step spacing was correlated with the antidunewavelength and steps did not form when particle motion was continuous under high sedimenttransport rates.