Hemstrom, Miles; Cissel, John. 1991. Evaluating alternative landscape patterns over time--an example from the Willamette National Forest in Oregon. In: Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters national convention; 1991 August 4-7; San Francisco, CA. Bethesda, MD: Society of American Foresters: 231-235.
Management of forest ecosystems for high levels of biological diversityand susceptibility can take several forms. Two methods have been examined on the Willamette National Forest, Oregon. The first involves retaining the most ecologically significant stands and their interconnections for as long as possibleduring the planning period. The second uses natural disturbances as a template fordescribing a desired future condition of stands and their distribution at a landscape scale.