Franklin, Jerry F.; DeBell, Dean S. 1973. Effects of various harvesting methods on forest regeneration. In: Hermann, Richard K.; Lavender, Denis P., comps./eds. Even-age management symposium; 1972 August 1; [Place of meeting unknown]. Paper 848. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University, School of Forestry: 29-57.
Available literature indicates that for most forest types andspecies on most sites, foresters have wide latitude in choosingregeneration cutting methods insofar as ecological requirementsof tree species are concerned. Few species or sites requireuneven-age management under a selection system, and necessaryconditions can be provided usually by some form of even-agemanagement. Likewise, there is no ecological necessity for largepatch or continuous clearcuttings to regenerate most types,species, and sites including Douglas-fir; shelterwood or stripclearcut systems appear equally suitable for regeneration ofmost species on most sites. Selection systems can be usedsuccessfully for some major species, including certain southernpines. They also could be used for many others, provided that achange in species composition is acceptable. Ecological con-straints do limit use of clearcuts on more severe sites, that is,those where moisture and temperature are major problems.With these exceptions, economic and social rather than ecologicconsiderations appear to be the most important factors con-trolling selection of cutting systems.