Catalina Segura in a riparian canopy gap at McRae Trib East (McTE) that was implemented in 2017 to mimic old-growth canopy gaps that increase light to the streambed and promote aquatic food web resources

Filamentous algae in the stream

Allison Swartz inspecting filamentous algae from the stream bed

Dana Warren in a riparian canopy gap at McRae Trib East (McTE) that was implemented in 2017 to mimic old-growth canopy gaps that increase light to the streambed and promote aquatic food web resources

A riparian canopy gap at McRae Trib East (McTE) that was implemented in 2017 to mimic old-growth canopy gaps that increase light to the streambed and promote aquatic food web resources

Catalina Segura (front) and Allison Swartz (back) work on coils of tubing used to warm the streamwater

Allison Swartz inspecting filamentous algae from the stream bed

Keeley MacNeill records water temperature

Keeley MacNeill and Allison Swartz measure temperature at the outflow of the tubes that were heating in the sun

the outflow of the tubes that are delivering diverted water and warmed water from upstream

Dana Warren takes a break from installing and inspecting tubing in the streambed

Melissa Mauk, Keeley MacNeill, Allison Swartz, Dana Warren, Catalina Segura

Melissa Mauk, Keeley MacNeill, Allison Swartz, Dana Warren, Catalina Segura

Melissa Mauk, Catalina Segura, Dana Warren, Keeley MacNeill, Allison Swartz

A red-legged frog (Rana aurora)

A red-legged frog (Rana aurora)

A red-legged frog (Rana aurora)

Allison Swartz measures stream temperature from coils of tubing for the warming experiment

Stream temperature and specific conductivity meter used to measure warming from coils of tubing for the warming experiment and travel time through the tubing

Inspecting filamentous algae on the stream bed that only grows in high light conditions

At McRae Tributary East, Dana Warren and crew inspect a riparian area where trees were removed in 2017 to increase the amount of sunlight to the streambed

At McRae Tributary East, Dana Warren and crew inspect a riparian area where trees were removed in 2017 to increase the amount of sunlight to the streambed

Large tubing was used to divert water from upstream; small tubing was used to divert and warm water from upstream

Keeley MacNeill and Allison Swartz measure temperature at the outflow of the tubes that were heating in the sun

Field crew for the pilot test of the dewatering experiment July 2021

Allison Swartz measures stream temperature from coils of tubing for the warming experiment

Allison Swartz measures stream temperaturefrom coils of tubing for the warming experiment

Keeley MacNeill recording stream temperature data

Allison Swartz measures stream temperature from coils of tubing for the warming experiment

A red-legged frog (Rana aurora)

Large tubing was used to divert water from upstream; small tubing was used to divert and warm water from upstream

A large tube is used to divert water, bypassing a section of the stream to create drought conditions

Keeley MacNeill and undergraduate student Melissa Mauk

Dana Warren and Melissa Mauk Check that the large tube is delivering water

Catalina Segura and Allison Swartz manage the many coils and meters of tubing and hoses

hoses and fittings

coils of tubing in the sun warm the stream water

Undergraduate student Melissa Mauk works on managing the tubing for the experiment

Dana Warren inspects the outflow of the tubes that are delivering diverted water and warmed water from upstream

Large tubing was used to divert water from upstream; small tubing was used to divert and warm water from upstream

Large tubing was used to divert water from upstream; small tubing was used to divert and warm water from upstream

A large tube is used to divert water, bypassing a section of the stream to create drought conditions

A large tube is used to divert water, bypassing a section of the stream to create drought conditions

A large tube is used to divert water, bypassing a section of the stream to create drought conditions

Dana Warren in the with the large tubing used to divert water past a reach of the stream

the outflow of the tubes that are delivering diverted water and warmed water from upstream

A large tube is used to divert water, bypassing a section of the stream to create drought conditions

Allison Swartz and the coils of tubing for the warming experiment

Dana Warren in the streambed

Sunrise at a bird survey point near Saddle Creek

Black bear tracks in the spring snowpack near UPLMET station.

Firs and Usnea in the morning fog on Lookout Mountain

Snags in the morning fog on Lookout Mountain Trail.

Mountain lion tracks in the spring snowpack near Carpenter Mountain

Bird's nest fungus on decaying branch.

Fog and frozen alder twigs near Carpenter Mountain

Spring snowpack near Carpenter Mountain.

Completed repair of dozer line along 1507 road. Soils, branches and tree boles pushed out of way by dozer were pulled back onto line by an excavator.

Repair work with heavy equipment on dozer line on 1507 road

Smoke and evidence of browned tree crowns on the slope of Watershed 2

Smoke and evidence of browned tree crowns on the slope of Watershed 2

Smoke and evidence of browned tree crowns on the slope of Watershed 2

Air Crane drops water over hot spots in Watershed 2. Taken from top of USGS Debris Flume.

Night time image of hot spot of fire in Watershed 2

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2

USFS Resource Advisor flags watershed 2 trail crossing along the handline in WS2

USFS staff survey along the handline in WS2

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2

USFS staff survey along the handline in WS2

USFS Resource Advisor surveys along the handline in WS2. PVC post marking vegetation plot in background

USFS staff survey along the handline in WS2. Note the tags on the nearby trees, indicating that the fire line went through one of the vegetation plots, used since the 1950s to track plant growth and mortality.

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2

USFS staff survey along the handline in WS2. Note the tags on the nearby trees, indicating that the fire line went through one of the vegetation plots, used since the 1950s to track plant growth and mortality.

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2. Snags and other hazardous trees were cut along handline.

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2

Smoke from hotspot in WS2 above gaging, taken from handline

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2. USFS Resource Advisors.

Returning downslope along dozer line from road 465 along ridge bounding WS2 and WS3. USFS Resource Advisors.

Active fire in the upper portion of WS2 just below upper trail, low severity ground fire

Active fire in the upper portion of WS2 just below upper trail, low severity ground fire. A few hours after photo taken the fire reached the trail, but was held in check by crews using fire hose supplied by frequent trips from tender trucks.

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2, where it meets the 465 Road

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2. Large snag in left foreground was cut for safety.

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2. Root wad and upturned soil in foreground on right from tree pushed over by dozer

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2. Disturbance to soil and vegetation is much more significant along dozer line than handline, but it also makes a more effective fire break.

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2 near road 455.

Fire dozer line in just above 455 road at edge of Watershed 2. Dozer line runs from 465 to 455 roads, at which point even steeper terrain forced crews to use handline the rest of the way downslope to road 302

Fire hand line in the upper area of Watershed 2 follows the upper watershed 2 trail for ca. 1/4 mile. Then handline cuts upslope to connect with a dozer line off of road 2633.

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2. USFS Resource Advisors.

Fire hand line and hose on a slope of WS2

This was an accidental beginning of the dozer line at junction with 465 road. Operator likely mistook this for the main side ridge. After opening ca. 60 feet the dozer backtracked and began the actual fire line running down side ridge to road 455.

Fire dozer line in Watershed 2. This particularly steep section would be vulnerable to serious erosion without subsequent waterbarring and repair work.

smoke on the landscape, from fire in Watershed 2

smoke on the landscape, from fire in Watershed 2

smoke on the landscape, from fire in Watershed 2. Taken from 130 road radio tower

Air Crane used for water drops over hot spots in Watershed 2

Air Crane used for water drops over hot spots in Watershed 2

Watershed 2 gage house and sediment basin, with firehose in the foreground

Watershed 2 gage house with fire hose going up the slope toward the active fire area

Fire hand line and fire hose moving up the slope in WS2, from the 302 Road. USFS Resource Advisors in foreground.

Fire hand line and fire hose traversing up slope in WS2, from the 302 Road.

Snags create concerns for the safety of fire crews working the area

Panorama of Blue River Valley

Looking down into the Andrews Forest from the 130 road where smoke rises from Watershed 2

Hand line cut along the entrance driveway to headquarters

Hand line cut along the entrance driveway to headquarters

Panorama from the 130 road, looking into the Lookout Creek watershed where smoke rises from Watershed 2

Hand line and cut trees behind the office building at headquarters

Looking down the Lookout and Blue River Valleys, with areas of dead trees and smoke on the Mona side

Smoke from hot spots of fire in Watershed 2

Smoke from hot spots of fire in Watershed 2

PRIMET climate station in foreground, smoke rising from old growth stand in between WS1 and WS2 in background

Smoke from hot spots of fire in Watershed 2

PRIMET climate station in foreground, smoke rising from old growth stand in between WS1 and WS2 in background

An Air-Crane Helicoptor, 3AC, dumps water over hot spots in Watershed 2. Photo taken from PRIMET at headquarters.

An Air-Crane Helicoptor, 3AC, dumps water over hot spots in Watershed 2, PRIMET in foreground

Panorama of dozer line around headquarters and the PRIMET climate station

Dozer line around headquarters and the PRIMET climate station

small branches piles, as part of fire line cutting, along driveway of headquarters

Area of high severity fire, along the 15 road (outside of the Andrews Forest), close to the junction with HWY126

Electric utility box along the 15 Road between highway 126 and the saddle dam. Power was lost along the 15 road and HWY126.

Area of high severity fire, along the 15 road (outside of the Andrews Forest), close to the junction with HWY126. This area of USFS land was thinned with underburning ca. five years earlier

Area of high severity fire, along the 15 road (outside of the Andrews Forest), close to the junction with HWY126

Fire crew cuts fire line around headquarters, just behind assembly area

Area of high severity fire, along the 15 road (outside of the Andrews Forest), close to the junction with HWY126

Dangle head processor removes small trees along driveway of headquarters

Burned footbridge, railing, and sediment basin of Watershed 9

Gage house and wier of Watershed 9. Greg Downing clearing ash and debris from flume to prepare for water sample collection.

Burned slope in Watershed 9, upslope of gagehouse on "river left"

Tree fallen on top of Watershed 9 gage house. Burned sediment basin in the background, left.

Tree fallen on top of Watershed 9 gage house

Fire line behind apartment buildings at the headquarters

Phenology Core Site 1, on the north-facing slope of Watershed 1. Tree tags and dendrometer bands in the background.

Fire line along driveway of headquarters

Firehawk helicoptor over Watershed 2

Smoke from hot spots of fire in Watershed 2

Fire line around PRIMET station

Smoke from hot spots of fire in Watershed 2

Firehawk helicoptor drops water over hot spots in Watershed 2

Firehawk helicoptor drops water over hot spots in Watershed 2

Looking over the Blue River Reservoir to patchy burn in the Mona area, from the 15 Road at site of 2011 landslide.

Looking west over the Blue River dam, at areas that had high severity fire

Dozer line around PRIMET climate station

Small trees cut and dozer line around PRIMET climate station

Fire crews cut hand line along driveway at headquarters

Fire hose and sprinklers set up around headquarters

Tree fallen on top of Watershed 9 gage house