Long-term research at small, gauged, forested watersheds within the USDA Forest Service, Experimental Forest and Range network (USDA-EFR) has contributed substantially to our current understanding of relationships between forests and streamflow (Vose et al., 2014). Many of these watershed studies were established in the early to mid-20th century and have been used to evaluate the effects of forest disturbances such as harvesting, road construction, wild and prescribe fire, invasive species and changes in tree species composition on hydrological responses including stormflows, peak flows, water yield, ground water table and evapotranspiration.