Literature Cited 


H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, OR (photo by Al Levno)

 

 

 


H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, OR (photo by Al Levno)

 

 

 

H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, OR (photo by Al Levno)

 

 

Busse, M. D.  1994.  Downed bole-wood decomposition in lodgepole pine forests of central Oregon.  Soil science Society of America Journal 58:221-227.   

Carlson, G. T. 1979.  Soil resource inventory of the Winema National Forest.  Pacific Northwest Region, USDA Forest Service, Portland Oregon.   

Edmonds, R. L. and A. Eglitis.  1989.  The role of the Douglas-fir bark beetle and wood borers in the decomposition of and nutrient release from Douglas-fir logs.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19:853-859.   

Fahey, T.J.  1983.  Nutrient dynamics of aboveground detritus in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta sp. latifolia) ecosystems, southeastern Wyoming. Ecological Monographs 53:51-72.   

Franklin, J. F. and C. T.  Dyrness.  1973.  Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington.  Oregon State University Press. Corvallis, Oregon.  452 p. 

Graham, R. L.  1982.  Biomass dynamics of dead Douglas-fir and western hemlock boles in mid-elevation    forests of the Cascade Range.  PhD Thesis Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.  

Graham, R.L. and K. Cromack, Jr.  1982.  Mass, nutrient content and decay rate of dead boles in rain forests of Olympic National Park. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 12:511-521. 

Grier, C. C.  1978.  A Tsuga heterophylla-Picea sitchensis ecosystem of coastal Oregon: Decomposition and nutrient balances of fallen logs.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research 8:198-206.  

Harmon, M. E.  2001.  Moving towards a new paradigm for dead wood management. Ecological Bulletins (Sweden) 49:269-278.   

Harmon, M. E. and B. Marks.  1995.  SolarRad: A model to estimate solar radiation inputs.  Unpublished Users Guidebook, Department of Forest Science, Corvallis, OR.   

Harmon, M. E.  1992.  Long-term experiments on log decomposition at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest.  USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW-GTR-280. 28 p. 

Harmon, M. E. and H. Chen.  1991.  Coarse woody debris dynamics in two old-growth ecosystems.  BioScience 41:604-610.   

Harmon, M. E. and J. Sexton.  1995.  Water balance of conifer logs in early stages of decomposition.  Plant and Soil 172:141-152. 

Harmon, M. E. and J. Sexton.  1996.  Guidelines for measurements of woody detritus in forest ecosystems.  US LTER Publication No. 20.  U.S. LTER Network Office, University of Washington, College of Forest Resources, Seattle, WA.  73 pp. (http://www.lternet.edu/documents/Publications/) 

Harmon, M. E., O. N. Krankina, and J. Sexton. 2000.  Decomposition vectors: A new approach to estimating woody detritus decomposition dynamics.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research.  30: 74-84.   

Harmon, M. E., J. F. Franklin, F. J. Swanson, P. Sollins, S. V. Gregory, J. D. Lattin, N. H. Anderson, S. P. Cline, N. G. Aumen, J. R. Sedell, G. W. Lienkamper, K. Cromack Jr., and K. W. Cummins.  1986.  Ecology of coarse woody debris in temperate ecosystems.  Advances in Ecological Research 15:133-302.   

Harmon, M. E., J. Sexton, B. A. Caldwell, and S. E. Carpenter.  1994.  Fungal sporocarp-mediated losses of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, P, and Zn from conifer logs in the early stages of decomposition.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24:1883-1893. 

Harmon, M. E., K. Bible, M. J. Ryan, D. Shaw, H. Chen, J. Klopatek, and Xia Li.  2004.  Production, respiration, and overall carbon balance in an old-growth Pseudotsuga/Tsuga forest ecosystem.  Ecosystem 7:1-15.   

Harmon, M. E., K. Cromack Jr. and B. G. Smith.  1987.  Coarse woody debris in mixed-conifer forests, Sequoia National Park, California.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17:1265-1272.   

Harmon, M. E., K. J. Nadelhoffer, and J. M. Blair.  1999.  Measuring decomposition, nutrient turnover, and stores in plant litter.  pp 202-240 In Robertson, G. P., C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins editors, Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research, Oxford University Press, New York.   

Hopkins, W.  1979. Plant associations of the South Chiloquin and Klamath Ranger districts, Winema National Forest. R6-Ecol-79-005.  Pacific Northwest Region, USDA Forest Service, Portland, Oregon.   

Means, J.E., K. Cromack, Jr. and P.C. MacMillan.  1985.  Comparison of decomposition models using wood density of Douglas-fir logs. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15:1092-1098.   

SAS Institute Inc. 1999.  SAS OnlineDoc version 8.  SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA. 

Sollins, P.  1982.  Input and decay of coarse woody debris in coniferous stands in western Oregon and        Washington. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 12:18-28.

Sollins, P., S. P. Cline, T. Verhoeven, D. Sachs, and G. Spycher.  1987.  Patterns of log decay in old-growth Douglas-fir forests.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17:1585-1595.   

USDA Forest Products Laboratory.  1974.  Wood handbook: Wood as an engineering material. USDA Agricultural Handbook 72, revised.  US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.   

Yatskov, M., O. N. Krankina, M. E. Harmon.  2003.  A chronosequence of wood decomposition in the boreal forests of Russia.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33: 1211-1226.  

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